I think looking at this problem from a technology point of view is not right. It's a bit more complicated than that.
I don't think that the problem is related to the ability of creating the technology or not.
A simple approach of sending a link via an SMS to open a secure form, can reduce the fraud by a lot. But not all merchants are equipped with the above and not all customers are comfortable with it. It will also make completing the transaction a lot longer which many people don't tolerate. Also keep in mind that many of the older generation are not very comfortable with the technology and that's why the old school way of doing things continues to exist.
At the end of the day, the credit card companies are interested in how much money they are making using a specific approach.
Fraud, is part of the existing system, and one way or the other someone is paying for it (mainly merchants). Increasing the base fee from 1.5% to 1.51% (if needed) is good enough to get all that money back and more.
An enforcement must come from the credit card companies (VISA, MC, AMEX , etc... ), otherwise payment gateways will not dare to enforce anything as they could be risking losing customers to others. At the same time, these companies (VISA, MC, AMEX , etc... ) are also competing for market share..
So it will take a bit of time to have a smooth transition.