Android Question Help: FLAG_IMMUTABLE or FLAG_MUTABLE

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

hi,

i get this error message when running on phone with android 13
on version 9 it works
i set targetsdk to 31
when reduce it to 30 it works on the new phone

my B4A version is 12

searching the forum i found some other posts on that topic and they were referred to use NB6 - here i got lost
i couldn't find any sample that works as all are either partial or used for services which i don't

i don't want to use sdk less than 31 as this is the recommendation now...

anyone can help ?
thanks

Zeev Goldstein · Feb 1, 2023

Johan Schoeman said:

Last try - see if attached is working for "31". Have changed the Java code to be as follows:

B4X:

    NFCUtils(final Activity pActivity) {
        mActivity = pActivity;
        mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(mActivity);
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 31) {
            mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mActivity, 0,
                    new Intent(mActivity, mActivity.getClass()).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP), 0);
        } else {
       
            mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mActivity, 0,
                    new Intent(mActivity, mActivity.getClass()).addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP), 67108864);
        }  
    }

@agraham , please comment if I have it...

agraham · Jan 26, 2023

More information needed as to what the error is. Post the log.

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

agraham said:
More information needed as to what the error is. Post the log.

here it is...

Error occurred on line: 182 (Main)
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: arkom.CardReader.android: Targeting S+ (version 31 and above) requires that one of FLAG_IMMUTABLE or FLAG_MUTABLE be specified when creating a PendingIntent.
Strongly consider using FLAG_IMMUTABLE, only use FLAG_MUTABLE if some functionality depends on the PendingIntent being mutable, e.g. if it needs to be used with inline replies or bubbles.
at android.app.PendingIntent.checkFlags(PendingIntent.java:408)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivityAsUser(PendingIntent.java:491)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivity(PendingIntent.java:477)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivity(PendingIntent.java:441)
at io.github.tapcard.android.NFCUtils.<init>(NFCUtils.java:87)
at io.github.tapcard.android.NFCCardReader.<init>(NFCCardReader.java:32)
at tapcardwrapper.tapcardWrapper.Initialize(tapcardWrapper.java:83)
at arkom.CardReader.android.main$ResumableSub_Activity_Create.resume(main.java:668)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.DebugResumableSub$DelegatableResumableSub.resumeAsUserSub(DebugResumableSub.java:48)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.runMethod(Shell.java:732)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.raiseEventImpl(Shell.java:351)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.raiseEvent(Shell.java:255)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.ShellBA.raiseEvent2(ShellBA.java:146)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA.raiseEvent(BA.java:193)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.DebugResumableSub$DelegatableResumableSub.resume(DebugResumableSub.java:43)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA.checkAndRunWaitForEvent(BA.java:267)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.ShellBA.raiseEvent2(ShellBA.java:139)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA$2.run(BA.java:387)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:942)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:226)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:313)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8741)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:571)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1067)
** Activity (main) Pause, UserClosed = true **

agraham · Jan 26, 2023

Doesn't look like anything to do with NB6. Whatever arkom.CardReader is it looks like it needs an update.

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

agraham said:
Doesn't look like anything to do with NB6. Whatever arkom.CardReader is it looks like it needs an update.

update what?
it is on B4A 12
sdk 31
a simple app (most taken from Johan's TapCard sample - his code as is)
even his original code (link will follow) shows this error

i'm lost as this is going to be a very critical part of my project...

this is Johan's great great example and project

TapCard - scan your NFC enabled Bank Card with your NFC enable device (EMV)

A wrap for this Github project. Scan your NFC enabled Bank Card with your NFC enable device. Enable NFC on your Nfc enable device before trying to scan a card. I have not added any code to check if you have NFC enabled or not. Browse the forum to figure out how you can do it programmatically...

www.b4x.com

just run it with targetsdk = 31

agraham · Jan 26, 2023

Zeev Goldstein said:
update what?

arkom.CardReader as I just said - whatever it is. Presumably it is part of a library or something if the original example also throws this error. Android now requires an additional flag for PendingIntents.

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

agraham said:
arkom.CardReader as I just said - whatever it is. Presumably it is part of a library or something if the original example also throws this error. Android now requires an additional flag for PendingIntents.

oh, thanks

what permission i need?
in manifest?
in code?
both?

agraham · Jan 26, 2023

I've poked around in the

Zeev Goldstein said:
what permission i need?

You don't. As I have said twice above some library needs updating to add an extra flag.

I've poked around inside Tapcard.jar and the constructor for the call to PendingIntent.getActivity(...) in the NFCUtils class constructor needs needs FLAG_IMMUTABLE specifying to run on SDK31 and higher. I've no idea where Tapcard.jar comes from but whoever wrote it needs to modify it.

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

agraham said:
I've poked around in the

You don't. As I have said twice above some library needs updating to add an extra flag.

I've poked around inside Tapcard.jar and the constructor for the call to PendingIntent.getActivity(...) in the NFCUtils class constructor needs needs FLAG_IMMUTABLE specifying to run on SDK31 and higher. I've no idea where Tapcard.jar comes from but whoever wrote it needs to modify it.

ok
can you tell which libraries?
or where do i get these updates?
i just updated to b4a 12.20 - i'm not sure it did update any libs as it was quite small anf went very fast...

agraham · Jan 26, 2023

Zeev Goldstein said:
can you tell which libraries?

For God's sake I've just told you above exactly what is needed. Tapcard.jar needs modifying as I said. I think Johan Schoeman probably wrote it as it include the B4A wrapper class. He needs to modiy it.

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 26, 2023

agraham said:
For God's sake I've just told you above exactly what is needed. Tapcard.jar needs modifying as I said. I think Johan Schoeman probably wrote it as it include the B4A wrapper class. He needs to modiy it.

thanks, i missed it, i'll try to contact him and ask...
by setting sdk to 30 all works perfectly - so my next "dumb" question is - what if i go with sdk 30?
will it be blocked by google?

and if i may i have another question on another topic -
file.makedir on external storage doesn't seems to work

B4X:

File.MakeDir(File.DirRootExternal,"/Zeev")

i got the permission
on older phone it works
on new/updated phones it just ignore it - no error generated

i need to create a shared folder to share it with another app i have
i see so many other apps do that and create their on folder to keep their stuff

Johan Schoeman · Jan 29, 2023

agraham said:
For God's sake I've just told you above exactly what is needed. Tapcard.jar needs modifying as I said. I think Johan Schoeman probably wrote it as it include the B4A wrapper class. He needs to modiy it.

Zeev, you can try with the attached lib files (jar and xml). No idea if it will solve your problem. Have changed the constructor to be as follows:

FLAG_IMMUTABLE:

    NFCUtils(final Activity pActivity) {
       
        int flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP;
       
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31)
            flags |= 67108864; //FLAG_IMMUTABLE
       
        mActivity = pActivity;
        mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(mActivity);
        mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mActivity, 0,
                new Intent(mActivity, mActivity.getClass()).addFlags(flags), 0);
    }

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

Johan Schoeman said:
Zeev, you can try with the attached lib files (jar and xml). No idea if it will solve your problem. Have changed the constructor to be as follows:

FLAG_IMMUTABLE:

NFCUtils(final Activity pActivity) { int flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP; if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31) flags |= 67108864; //FLAG_IMMUTABLE mActivity = pActivity; mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(mActivity); mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mActivity, 0, new Intent(mActivity, mActivity.getClass()).addFlags(flags), 0); }

thank you Johan
i will go over the sample and hope it solves the issue
will of course revert and update
(hope you're well)

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

Zeev Goldstein said:
thank you Johan
i will go over the sample and hope it solves the issue
will of course revert and update
(hope you're well)

first update: there was no error on compiling so seems to be fine
will check and update further...

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

Johan Schoeman said:
Zeev, you can try with the attached lib files (jar and xml). No idea if it will solve your problem. Have changed the constructor to be as follows:

FLAG_IMMUTABLE:

NFCUtils(final Activity pActivity) { int flags = Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_SINGLE_TOP; if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 31) flags |= 67108864; //FLAG_IMMUTABLE mActivity = pActivity; mNfcAdapter = NfcAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(mActivity); mPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mActivity, 0, new Intent(mActivity, mActivity.getClass()).addFlags(flags), 0); }

Update 2
Seems there's a problem
I changed the sdk to 31 as I want it to be on Google store
I run the app from my main app as intent

On previous libs & sdk 30 it all worked perfectly, now with new libs and sdk 31 the app loads and crashes

I will change sdk back to 30 and check

Johan Schoeman · Jan 29, 2023

Zeev Goldstein said:
Update 2
Seems there's a problem
I changed the sdk to 31 as I want it to be on Google store
I run the app from my main app as intent

On previous libs & sdk 30 it all worked perfectly, now with new libs and sdk 31 the app loads and crashes

I will change sdk back to 30 and check

What is the "crash" message in the B4A log?

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

Johan Schoeman said:
What is the "crash" message in the B4A log?

Didn't check it yet properly...
I will go over and then I hope to be able to put my finger on the spot

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

ok, final update with findings

on sdk 30 all is perfect - checked on android 9 - 13

on sdk 31 on older versions like 9 - works fine
on android 13 it crached on the following line

B4X:

    tapcard.Initialize("ips")

the log for the error is: (all other logs you showed are ok)

Error occurred on line: 267 (Main)
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: arkom.nfc: Targeting S+ (version 31 and above) requires that one of FLAG_IMMUTABLE or FLAG_MUTABLE be specified when creating a PendingIntent.
Strongly consider using FLAG_IMMUTABLE, only use FLAG_MUTABLE if some functionality depends on the PendingIntent being mutable, e.g. if it needs to be used with inline replies or bubbles.
at android.app.PendingIntent.checkFlags(PendingIntent.java:408)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivityAsUser(PendingIntent.java:491)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivity(PendingIntent.java:477)
at android.app.PendingIntent.getActivity(PendingIntent.java:441)
at io.github.tapcard.android.NFCUtils.<init>(NFCUtils.java:105)
at io.github.tapcard.android.NFCCardReader.<init>(NFCCardReader.java:32)
at tapcardwrapper.tapcardWrapper.Initialize(tapcardWrapper.java:83)
at arkom.nfc.main$ResumableSub_Activity_Create.resume(main.java:673)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.DebugResumableSub$DelegatableResumableSub.resumeAsUserSub(DebugResumableSub.java:48)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.runMethod(Shell.java:732)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.raiseEventImpl(Shell.java:351)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.Shell.raiseEvent(Shell.java:255)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.ShellBA.raiseEvent2(ShellBA.java:157)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA.raiseEvent(BA.java:201)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.shell.DebugResumableSub$DelegatableResumableSub.resume(DebugResumableSub.java:43)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA.checkAndRunWaitForEvent(BA.java:275)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.ShellBA.raiseEvent2(ShellBA.java:150)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.BA.raiseEvent(BA.java:201)
at anywheresoftware.b4a.keywords.Common$15.run(Common.java:1804)
at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:942)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loopOnce(Looper.java:226)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:313)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:8741)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:571)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1067)

Zeev Goldstein · Jan 29, 2023

here are two more things

on older android the expiry comes where year is 4 digits like 10/2025
on android 13 it come 2 digits like 10/25
that's not really an issue as is is solved in code simply by checking the year element so it can be ignored

one strange thing - with the new libs the returning of scanned data looks much faster - there is no delay time at all
also good (!)

so i think the only issue is sdk 31 with android 13 (obviously)
at this point i returned to sdk 30 and holding my breath...

agraham · Jan 29, 2023

Are you sure you are using the new jar posted above. That looks like the original error.

Android Question Help: FLAG_IMMUTABLE or FLAG_MUTABLE

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