The first patent for the flushing toilet was issued to
Alexander Cummings in 1775. 1777: Samuel Prosser invented and patented the 'plunger closet'. Joseph Bramah of Yorkshire patented the first practical water closet in England in 1778.
What did Thomas Crapper invent?
Ballcock
Thomas Crapper / Inventions
Crapper held nine patents, three of them for water closet improvements such as the floating ballcock. He improved the S-bend plumbing trap in 1880 by inventing
the U-bend. The firm's lavatorial equipment was manufactured at premises in nearby Marlborough Road (now Draycott Avenue).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Crapper